filkultФилология и культура. Philology and CulturePhilology and Culture2782-4756Казанский (Приволжский) федеральный университет10.26907/2782-4756-2023-74-4-24-30filkult-433Research ArticleСтатьиЯзык инглис и зарождение литературной традиции равнинной ШотландииThe Inglis language and the emergence of the Lowland Scotland literary traditionhttps://orcid.org/0009-0006-9172-3651ГукаловаН. В.GukalovaN. V.

Гукалова Надежда Владимировна, Ассистент

347922, Таганрог,Чехова, 2

 

Gukalova Nadezhda Vladimirovna, Assistant Professor

2 Chekhov Str., Taganrog, 347922

nadegda-ni@yandex.ruЮжный федеральный университетРоссияSouthern Federal UniversityRussian Federation202329122023042430Copyright © Гукалова Н.В., 20232023Гукалова Н.В.Gukalova N.V.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://filkult.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/433

Статья посвящена исследованию социальной истории идиома населения равнинной Шотландии и англо-шотландского приграничья конца XII – третьей четверти XIV века, а также первых письменных стихотворных памятников раннего среднешотландского языка (инглис). Целью данного исследования является рассмотрение факторов, способствовавших распространению языка инглис, описание его этнической и социальной базы, сфер использования, а также изучение первых важнейших поэтических памятников, написанных на данном языке, предшествующих эпической поэме «Брюс» (1375) Дж. Барбура, связываемой большинством ученых с появлением литературной традиции регионального языка равнинной Шотландии. В работе дается краткий обзор поэтического творчества Томаса Рифмача, стихотворного произведения «Song on the Death of Alexander III», а также иных письменных памятников долитературного периода шотландского языка. Автор описывает историю создания «Рукописи Окинлека», включающей тексты, написанные на различных диалектах среднеанглийского языка, и указывает на особую научную ценность манускрипта. В результате исследования автор приходит к выводу, что обособление шотландского языка и зарождение собственной литературной традиции было сопряжено как с внешними факторами, связанными с обретением независимости шотландским государством, так и внутренними, касающимися роста престижа идиома инглис на территории равнинной Шотландии в рассматриваемый период истории шотландского языка.

The paper studies the social history of the idiom spoken by the indigenous population of Lowland Scotland and the Borders of the late 12th – third quarter of the 14th centuries, as well as the first written poetic monuments of Early Middle Scots (Inglis). The aim of this study is to consider the factors that contributed to the spread of the Inglis language, giving a description of its ethnic and social base, the areas of use and the study of the first important poetic monuments written in this language, preceding the epic poem “Bruce” (1375) by J. Barbour, associated by most scholars with the emergence of the literary tradition of the Lowland Scotland regional language. The article gives a brief overview of the literary heritage of Thomas the Rhymer, the poetic work “Song on the Death of Alexander III”, as well as other written monuments of the Scottish pre-literary period. We describe the history of the creation of the “Auchinleck Manuscript”, which includes texts written in various dialects of Middle English, and points out the special scientific value of the Manuscript. As a result of the research, we have come to the conclusion that the isolation of the Scots language and the emergence of its own literary tradition was caused by both external factors, related to the independence of the Scottish state, and internal ones, related to the growth of the Inglis idiom prestige on the territory of Lowland Scotland during the period in question of the Scots language history.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.