Essential characteristics of the term in its functional sphere (based on English-language periodicals and field-specific literature of the oil-and-gas term system)

   The article focuses on the class of terminological units that is constantly being updated due to extra linguistic factors of scientific and technological progress in the oil and gas industry. The LSP (language for special purposes) terms are considered in the field of their functioning – industry periodicals and highly specialized technical texts. The paper discusses the problem of the ambisemia term and the debatable issue of determining its characteristics. We reveal essential features of the special vocabulary, the regularities of its natural formation and the degree of implementing its terminological characteristics in order to clarify the typology of the terms and to properly term and arrange the activities of the oil and gas conceptual sphere terminological vocabulary. The results are of interest in a further study of terminological functional regularities and activities on coordination of concept nominations related to industry; the results provide material for terminological lexicographic descriptions as well as for the replenishment of field-specific dictionary sources and terminological databases of automated translation systems. Conclusions are drawn about the features of terms in the researched language for special purposes, their derivational potential for the most complete verbalization of the emerging concepts’ specific properties. The paper defines conceptual areas of professional knowledge and the semantics of the special vocabulary source, providing recommendations on the inclusion of a number of the terms in the industry dictionaries. The paper also notes expressive coloring and metaphorization of the analyzed vocabulary.

1. Maslova, V. A. (2004). Kognitivnaya lingvistika [Cognitive Linguistics]. 256 p. Mn. TetrASistems. (In Russian)

2. Strevens, P. (1977). Special-Purpose Language Learning: a Perspective: Survey Article. Language Teaching and Linguistics: Abstracts. Vol. 10. Issue 3. pp. 145–163. doi: 10.1017/S0261444800003402 URL: https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/language-teaching/article/abs/specialpurpose-language-learning-a-perspective/DDD9511147E7FDCB1547D53ED0371B7C#access-block (accessed: 11. 10. 2021). (In English)

3. Trim, J. L. M. (1969). Linguistic Consideration in Planning Courses and in the Preparation of Teaching Materials. Language for Special Purposes. Pp. 18–27. London. CILT. (In English)

4. Grinev-Grinevich, S. V. (2008). Terminovedenie [Terminology Studies]. 304 p. Moscow. Akademiya. (In Russian)

5. Leichik, V. M. (2007). Terminovedenie: predmet, metody, struktura [Terminology Studies: Subject, Methods, Structure]. 3-e izd. 256 p. Moscow. Izdatel'stvo LKI. (In Russian)

6. Makarenko, E. D. (2013). Yazyk dlya spetsial'nykh tselei: leksiko-semanticheskie i derivatsionnye osobennosti formirovaniya [Language for Special Purposes: Lexico-Semantic and Derivational Features of Formation]. Filologicheskie nauki. Voprosy teorii i praktiki. Tambov, Gramota, No. 8 (26): v 2-kh ch. Ch. II. C. 115–117. ISSN 1997–2911. (In Russian)

7. Superanskaya, A. V., Podol'skaya, N. V., Vasil'eva, N. V. (2012). Obshchaya terminologiya: Voprosy teorii [General Terminology Studies: Theoretical Issues]. Otv. red. T. L. Kandelaki. 6-e izd. 248 p. Moscow, LIBROKOM. (In Russian)

8. Khomutova, T. N. (2008). Yazyk dlya spetsial'nykh tselei (LSP): lingvisticheskii aspect [Language for Special Purposes: A Linguistic Aspect]. Izvestiya Rossiiskogo gosudarstvennogo pedagogicheskogo universiteta im. A. I. Gertsena. St. Petersburg, izd. RGPU im. A. I. Gertsena, No. 71, pp. 96–106. (In Russian)

9. Gunnarsson, B. L. (1997). Language for Special Purposes. Tucker G. R., Corson D. (eds) Encyclopedia of Language and Education. Encyclopedia of Language and Education, Kluwer Academic Publishers. Vol. 4, pp. 105–117. doi: 10.1007/978-94-011-4419-3_11. URL: https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F978-94-011-4419-3_11 (accessed: 03. 10. 2021). (In English)

10. Nagy Imola Katalin (2015). English for Special Purposes: Specialized Languages and Problems of Terminology. Acta Universitatis Sapientae, Philologica, 6, 2 (2014). Pp. 261–273. DOI: 10.1515/ausp-2015-0018. URL: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/276511718_English_for_Special_Purposes_Specialized_Languages_and_Problems_of_Terminology (accessed: 03. 10. 2021). (In English)

11. Swales, John M. (2000). Languages for Specific Purposes. Annual Review of Applied Linguistics 20. pp. 59–76. DOI: 10.1017/S0267190500200044. URL: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/273984465_Languages_for_Specific_Purposes (accessed: 03. 10. 2021). (In English)

12. Grinev-Grinevich, S. V., Sorokina, E. A. (2018). Perspektivnye napravleniya razvitiya terminologicheskikh issledovanii [Promising Trends for the Development of Terminological Research]. Vestnik Moskovskogo gosudarstvennogo oblastnogo universiteta. Seriya: Lingvistika. No. 5, pp. 18–28. (In Russian)

13. Buyanova, L. Yu. (2013). Termin kak edinitsa logosa: monografiya [The Term as a Unit of Logos : A Monograph]. L. Yu. Buyanova. 3-e izd., ster. 224 p. Moscow, FLINTA, Nauka. (In Russian)

14. Nikitina, S. E. (2014). Semanticheskii analiz yazyka nauki: Na materiale lingvistiki [Semantic Analysis of the Language of Science: Based on Linguistics]. Otv. red. N. A. Slyusareva. Izd. stereotip. 146 p. Moscow, Knizhnyi dom “Librokom”. (In Russian)

15. Golovin, B. N., Kobrin, R. Yu. (1987). Lingvisticheskie osnovy ucheniya o terminakh [Linguistic Foundations of the Terminology Studies]. 104 p. Moscow, Vysshaya shkola. (In Russian)

16. Lotte, D. S. (1969). Obrazovanie i pravopisanie trekhehlementnykh nauchno-tekhnicheskikh terminov [Formation and Spelling of Three-Element Scientific and Technical Terms]. Otv. red. S. G. Barkhudarov. 119 p. Moscow, Nauka. (In Russian)

17. Alekseeva, L. M. (1998). Termin kak kategoriya obshchego yazykoznaniya [The Term as a Category of General Linguistics]. Russkii Filologicheskii Vestnik : Uchenyi zhurnal. Pod. red. V. A. Tatarinova, Moscow, Moskovskii Litsei, T. 83, No. 1/2, pp. 33–44. (In Russian)

18. FUEL: The Global Business of Fuels (2011). URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/fuel (accessed: 30. 10. 2021). (In English)

19. Hydrocarbon Processing Magazine. URL: www.hydrocarbonprocessing.com (accessed: 30. 10. 2021). (In English)

20. Oil and Gas Journal. International Petroleum News and Technology. PennWell Corporation, Tulsa, USA. January, 2019 – January, 2021. URL: https://digital.ogj.com/ogjournal/20201214/MobilePagedReplica.action?utm_source=newsletter&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=TXOGJO201211003&utm_content=gtxcel&pm=2&folio=Cover#pg1 (accessed: 2019–2021). (In English)

21. Cheremisinoff, N. P. (1998). Pressure Safety Design Practices for Refinery and Chemical Operations. By N. P. Cheremisinoff. 392 p. New Jersey, Noyes Publ. (In English)

22. Leffler, William F. (2008). Petroleum Refining in Non-Technical Language. Fourth edition. 280 p. PennWell Corporation, USA, Tulsa. (In English)

23. Meyers, Robert A. (2003). Handbook of Petroleum Refining Process. Third edition. 847 p. McGraw-Hill Professional, USA. (In English)

24. Raseev, Serge. (2003). Thermal and Catalytic Processes in Petroleum Refining. Marcel Dekker Inc. 920 p. USA, New York. (In English)

25. Kedrinskii, V. V. (2004). Anglo-russkii slovar' po khimii i pererabotke nefti [English-Russian Dictionary of Chemistry and Oil Refining]. 2-e izd., stereotip. 768 p. Moscow, RUSSO. (In Russian)

26. Bulatov, A. I., Pal'chikov, V. V. (2001). Anglo-russkii slovar' po nefti i gazu [English-Russian Dictionary of Oil and Gas]. 400 p. Moscow, RUSSO, ISBN 5-88721-171-7. (In Russian)

27. Morozov, N. V. (2010). Anglo-russkii i russko-angliiskii slovar' po nefti i gazu [English-Russian and Russian-English Dictionary of Oil and Gas]. 512 p. Moscow, Zhivoi yazyk. ISBN 978-5-8033-0714-3. (In Russian)

28. Cambridge Advanced Learner’s Dictionary and Thesaurus. URL: https://dictionary.cambridge.org (accessed: 25. 10. 2021). (In English)

29. Collins Dictionary and Thesaurus. URL: https://www.collinsdictionary.com (accessed: 15. 10. 2021). (In English)

30. Lexico Oxford English and Spanish Dictionary. URL: https://www.lexico.com (accessed: 12. 10. 2021). (In English)

31. Macmillan Dictionary | Free English Dictionary and Thesaurus. URL: https://www.macmillandictionary.com (accessed: 15. 10. 2021). (In English)

32. Merriam-Webster Dictionary. URL: https://www.merriam-webster.com (accessed: 30. 10. 2021). (In English)

33. Bol'shaya ehntsiklopediya nefti i gaza (BEHNG) [Big Encyclopedia of Oil and Gas]. URL: https://ngpedia.ru (accessed: 07. 10. 2021). (In Russian)

34. Schlumberger Oilfield Glossary. URL: https://glossary.oilfield.slb.com (accessed: 13. 10. 2021). (In English)

35. Reformatskii, A. A. (1996). Vvedenie v yazykovedenie [Introduction to Linguistics]. Pod red. V. A. Vinogradova. 536 p. Moscow, Aspekt Press. (In Russian)

36. Myakshin, K. A. (2009). K voprosu ob osnovnykh priznakakh termina [On the Main Features of the Term]. Al'manakh sovremennoi nauki i obrazovaniya. Tambov, Gramota, No. 8 (27): v 2-kh ch. Ch. II, pp. 111–115. ISSN 1993-5552. (In Russian)

37. Khayutin, A. D. (1981). Sostavnye terminy – funktsional'nyi tip slozhnykh lingvisticheskikh edinits (SLE) s pozitsii leksikografii [Compound Terms as a Functional Type of Complex Linguistic Units (CLU) from the Standpoint of Lexicography]. Otraslevaya terminologiya i leksikografiya. Voronezh, Voronezh. gos. ped. in-t, p. 50. (In Russian)

38. Leichik, V. M. (1976). Terminy i terminosistemy – pogranichnaya oblast' mezhdu estestvennym i iskusstvennym v yazyke [Terms and Terminological Systems as a Boundary Area between Natural and Artificial Aspects in Language]. Voprosy terminologii i lingvisticheskoi statistiki, sbornik nauchnykh statei. Voronezh, Izdatel'stvo Voronezhskogo universiteta, pp. 3–11. (In Russian)

39. Vinokur, G. O. (1939). Grammaticheskie nablyudeniya v oblasti tekhnicheskoi terminologii [Grammar Observations in the Field of Technical Terminology]. Trudy MIIFLI. Moscow, p. 5. (In Russian)

40. Kapanadze, L. A. (1965). O ponyatii “termin” i “terminologiya” [On the Concepts of “Term” and “Terminology”]. Razvitie leksiki sovremennogo russkogo yazyka. Pp . 75–85. Moscow, Nauka. (In Russian)

41. Leichik, V. M. (1971). Ob otnositel'nosti sushchestvovaniya termina [On the Relativity of the Existence of a Term]. Materialy nauchnogo simpoziuma “Semioticheskie problemy yazykov nauki, terminologii i informatiki”. Moscow, pp. 436–442. (In Russian)

42. Chupilina, E. I. (1967). Mesto termina v leksiko-semanticheskoi sisteme yazyka [The Place of the Term in the Lexico-Semantic System of the Language]. Problemy strukturnoi lingvistiki. Moscow, pp. 25–31. (In Russian)

43. Alekseeva, L. M. (1998). Problemy termina i terminoobrazovaniya [Problems of the Term and Term Formation]. 120 p. Perm'. PGNIU, ISBN 5-7944-0054-4. (In Russian)

44. Zagorovskaya, O. V., Dan'kova, T. N. (2011). Termin i terminologiya: monografiya [Term and Terminology : A Monograph]. O. V. Zagorovskaya, T. N. Dan'kova. 136 p. Voronezh. (In Russian)

45. Barkhudarov, L. S. (1966). Struktura prostogo predlozheniya v sovremennom angliiskom yazyke [The Structure of a Simple Sentence in Modern English]. 200 p. Moscow, Vysshaya shkola. (In Russian)

46. Online Etymology Dictionary. URL: https://www.etymonline.com (accessed: 10. 04. 2021). (In English)